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Rome, often called the "Eternal City," is a vibrant mix of ancient history, world-class art and modern culture. As the capital of Italy and a beacon for tourists around the world, it offers an abundance of must-see sites.
1. St. Peter’s Basilica
Located in Vatican City, St. Peter’s Basilica is arguably the most important religious site in the Catholic world. Built over the tomb of St. Peter, this grand church is a masterpiece of Renaissance architecture, largely designed by Michelangelo. Inside, visitors can marvel at Michelangelo’s famous Pietà sculpture and Gian Lorenzo Bernini’s intricately crafted baldachin. Climbing to the top of the dome offers breathtaking views of Vatican City and beyond.
2. The Colosseum
No visit to Rome would be complete without seeing the Colosseum, the largest amphitheater ever built. Once the epicenter of gladiatorial contests, animal hunts and dramatic performances, the Colosseum stands as a testament to ancient Roman engineering and entertainment. Visitors can explore the massive arena, learning about the spectacles that took place there and imagining the roar of 50,000 spectators.
3. The Roman Forum
Adjacent to the Colosseum, the Roman Forum was the center of public life in ancient Rome. This sprawling archaeological site includes the remains of important government buildings, temples and markets. Walking through the ruins, you’ll be immersed in the history of the Roman Republic and Empire, with structures like the Temple of Saturn, the Arch of Titus and the House of the Vestal Virgins offering glimpses into the city’s past grandeur.
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4. The Pantheon
The Pantheon is one of the best-preserved monuments of ancient Rome, famous for its massive domed roof and the oculus at the top that allows natural light to flood the interior. Originally built as a temple to all the Roman gods, it was later converted into a Christian church. The Pantheon houses the tombs of several Italian kings and the renowned artist Raphael. Its harmonious proportions and stunning architecture make it a must-see.
5. The Vatican Museums
The Vatican Museums are a treasure trove of art, history and culture. Home to one of the world’s largest and most impressive art collections, the museums showcase works by artists like Raphael, Caravaggio and Leonardo da Vinci. The highlight for many visitors is the Sistine Chapel, where Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam and The Last Judgment cover the ceiling and altar wall in breathtaking detail.
6. Trevi Fountain
The Trevi Fountain is one of the most iconic and photographed landmarks in Rome. Designed by Nicola Salvi, the Baroque fountain depicts Neptune, the god of the sea, surrounded by tritons and mythical sea creatures. Tradition says that tossing a coin into the fountain ensures your return to Rome, making it a beloved ritual for visitors from around the globe.
7. Piazza Navona
Piazza Navona is one of Rome’s most beautiful public squares, filled with fountains, street artists and lively cafes. It was built on the site of an ancient stadium, and its elliptical shape reflects its sporting origins. The square features the Fountain of the Four Rivers by Bernini, a spectacular Baroque masterpiece. It’s a great spot to relax and soak in the local atmosphere after a day of sightseeing.
8. The Spanish Steps
The Spanish Steps are another famous Roman landmark, connecting the Piazza di Spagna with the Trinità dei Monti church at the top. The 135 steps are a popular meeting point for both locals and tourists. At the foot of the steps lies the Fontana della Barcaccia, a unique fountain in the shape of a sinking boat, designed by Bernini’s father. Visitors can enjoy the view from the top or shop at the upscale boutiques lining the surrounding streets.
9. Villa Borghese Gardens
For a break from the city’s bustling streets, head to Villa Borghese Gardens, one of Rome’s largest and most beautiful parks. The gardens are home to several museums, including the Galleria Borghese, which features works by Caravaggio, Bernini and Titian. Visitors can rent bikes or rowboats, stroll through the manicured lawns or simply relax by one of the many fountains.
10. The Catacombs of Rome
The Catacombs offer a glimpse into the early Christian history of Rome. Located along the Appian Way, these underground burial sites date back to the 2nd century AD. The Catacombs of San Callisto and San Sebastiano are the most famous, with miles of tunnels that once housed the remains of thousands of Christians, including martyrs and popes. Guided tours provide an eerie but fascinating look into this hidden part of Rome’s past.
Planning to visit more cities in Europe? Check out popular spots to visit in Germany or France!